CAGR Calculator

Calculate the compound annual growth rate of your investment.

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What is the CAGR Calculator?

The Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) is one of the most accurate ways to calculate and determine returns for anything that can rise or fall in value over time. It represents the mean annual growth rate of an investment over a specified period of time longer than one year, assuming the investment compounds over that period.

Unlike average annual return, CAGR smooths out the growth rate, ignoring short-term fluctuations and volatility, to give you a single constant rate that describes how an investment would have grown if it grew at a steady rate.

Practical Examples & Reference Guide

Here is a table demonstrating the CAGR calculated for various investment scenarios:

Initial Value (Beginning)Final Value (Ending)Time Horizon (Years)Calculated CAGR (%)
$1,000$2,5005 Years20.11%
$10,000$15,0003 Years14.47%
$5,000$12,00010 Years9.15%
$50,000$40,0005 Years-4.36%

These examples illustrate that CAGR can measure both growth and decline (negative CAGR).

In-Depth Technical Guide

How to Calculate CAGR (The Formula)

To calculate the Compound Annual Growth Rate manually, use the following formula:

$$CAGR = \left(\frac{Ending\ Value}{Beginning\ Value}\right)^{\frac{1}{n}} - 1$$

Where:

  • Ending Value (EV) = the value of the investment at the end of the period
  • Beginning Value (BV) = the value of the investment at the start of the period
  • n = the number of years (or compounding periods)

Step-by-Step CAGR Calculation Example

Imagine you buy a stock in 2020 for $1,000 (Beginning Value) and sell it in 2025 for $2,000 (Ending Value). The duration is 5 years (n = 5).

  1. Divide the Ending Value by the Beginning Value: $2,000 / $1,000 = 2
  2. Raise the result to the power of 1/n (1/5 or 0.20): $2^{0.20} \approx 1.1487$
  3. Subtract 1: $1.1487 - 1 = 0.1487$
  4. Multiply by 100 to get a percentage: 14.87%

This means your investment grew at a compound annual rate of 14.87% per year.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between CAGR and Average Annual Return?
Average annual return is a simple average of yearly returns, which can be misleading due to volatility. CAGR is the geometric mean that represents the actual annual growth rate required to get from the beginning value to the ending value.
Can CAGR be negative?
Yes, if the ending value of the investment is lower than the beginning value, the resulting CAGR will be negative, indicating a net loss over the specified time period.
What are the limitations of CAGR?
CAGR assumes a steady growth rate and ignores volatility or the path of returns in between. It also does not account for mid-period cash additions or withdrawals from the investment.